Super sponges.
نویسنده
چکیده
The localisation of tumour deposits by a 131 1 labelled monoclonal antibody to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) has been evaluated in 24 patients with primary gastric, oesophageal and colorectal cancer and in 26 patients with clinically suspected recurrent gastric and colorectal cancer. Seventeen of 20 primary sites and 6/15 associated secondary sites were correctly identified by external scanning. Measurement of radiolabelled antibody in the resected specimens demonstrated a 2.6-3.3 fold increase in comparison with the surrounding normal tissue (P< 0.01). The antibody scans were compared with computerised tomography (CT) in the detection of recurrent disease. The respective sensitivities and specificities for the two investigations were 61% and 33% for antibody scanning and 64% and 100% for CT. Assessment of the distribution of labelled antibody demonstrated rapid clearance with <2% detectable in serum samples at 24 h. The implications of these findings together with the mechanisms of excretion are discussed. Radioimmunolocalisation (RIL) has the potential to specifically differentiate between malignant and benign tissues. Studies in gastrointestinal cancer with antibodies to CEA have demonstrated correct identification in nearly 90% (Goldenberg et al., 1980) and 42% (Mach et al., 1980) of tumour sites. The variation between these series reflects differences in the subjective interpretation of the scans. In addition in these early studies polyclonal antibodies were investigated which are limited by cross-reactivity with similar antigens present in normal tissues. The development of monoclonal antibodies (Kohler & Milstein, 1975) has produced agents with theoretically greater specificity for the antigens and thus reduce the difficulties of cross-reactivity. In this study we describe our experience with a radiolabelled monoclonal antibody to CEA together with its potential clinical application for the staging of primary gastric and colorectal cancer and for the detection of recurrent cancer. Previous studies have suggested that the actual amount of antibody accumulated in tumours is an extremely small proportion of the amount injected (Mach et al., 1981) and we have also assessed the distribution of labelled antibody in patients and measured the concentration of antibody within resected tumours.
منابع مشابه
Three-dimensional Sponges with Super Mechanical Stability: Harnessing True Elasticity of Individual Carbon Nanotubes in Macroscopic Architectures.
Efficient assembly of carbon nanotube (CNT) based cellular solids with appropriate structure is the key to fully realize the potential of individual nanotubes in macroscopic architecture. In this work, the macroscopic CNT sponge consisting of randomly interconnected individual carbon nanotubes was grown by CVD, exhibiting a combination of super-elasticity, high strength to weight ratio, fatigue...
متن کاملAssessment of radiofrequency device sensitivity for the detection of retained surgical sponges in patients with morbid obesity.
HYPOTHESIS Retained surgical sponges are serious medical errors that result in negative patient outcomes. A radiofrequency (RF) mat for the operating room bed has recently been introduced to detect the presence of a retained surgical sponge. The study objectives were to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the RF mat for the detection of surgical sponges through the torso of individuals ...
متن کاملIdentificationof sponges of inter tidal zone in North of Hengam Island, Persian Gulf
In this study marine sponges of inter tidal zone from Hengam Island Persian Gulf were collected by wading at low tides in Eskeleh station at locations 55˚ 53ʹ 40ʺ E & 26˚ 40ʹ 53ʺ N.For identifying identification of sponge samples, acid digestion method as a method of early detection and microtome section to identify the skeletal structure were used.All the identified sponges were from class De...
متن کاملSynthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable Hemostat Gelatin Sponge for Surgery Application
Production and characterization of soft cross-linked gelatin sponge by using glutaraldehyde for blood hemostasis application, is the goal of this study. Biodegradable hydrogels were prepared through crosslinking of gelatin with glutaraldehyde followed by freeze drying. The effects of gelatin concentration, amount of crosslink agent and freeze drying temperature on mechanical properties and...
متن کاملChloroflexi bacteria are more diverse, abundant, and similar in high than in low microbial abundance sponges.
Some marine sponges harbor dense and phylogenetically complex microbial communities [high microbial abundance (HMA) sponges] whereas others contain only few and less diverse microorganisms [low microbial abundance (LMA) sponges]. We focused on the phylum Chloroflexi that frequently occurs in sponges to investigate the different associations with three HMA and three LMA sponges from New Zealand....
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Environmental Health Perspectives
دوره 106 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1998